Rukara yarakaranyije n umwami abazungu na Ndungutse bituma abambwa

Abantu batandukanye basanga Rukara akwiye gushyirwa mu ntwari z'igihugu, kuko ngo yanze kuvogerwa n'abazungu. Bamwe muri bo cyane cyane abakomoka mu Gahunga k'abarashi aho yatwaraga, bemeza ko yatumye ako gace kagira igitinyiro, n'ubwo yahoraga mu makimbirane n'abamuyobora, ndetse ayo makimbirane ya hato na hato ni yo ntandaro y'urupfu rwe.

Muri iyi nyandiko tugiye kurebera hamwe uruhare rwe muri ayo makimbirane yahoraga agirana n'abayobozi be, barimo umwami Yuhi V Musinga; Umugabekazi Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera; abazungu ndetse na Ndungutse.

Rukara ntiyari umuntu woroshye

Ndagiijimana Yuvenali Umuyobozi w'itorero Uruyenzi, akaba n'umurashi ni umwuzukuru wa Rukara, kuko yemeza ko Rukara yavaga inda imwe na Sekuru.

Avuga ko Rukara ari mwene Bishingwa bya Sekidandi cya Bikanza bya Nkakaro ya Rwiru rwa Bugingo bwa Munsoreshakwenu wa Kagara ka Mwirahe, agakomoka kwa Nyirarucyaba rwa Gihanga cyahanze inka n'ingoma.

Avuga ko Rukara rwa Bishingwe yari umugaba w'ingabo z'umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri, akagira imitwe ine y'abarwanyi, ari yo Uruyenzi; Urukandagira; Abemeranzigwe n'Abakemba.

Iyo mitwe y'ingabo yagaragaraje ibigwi ku ngoma ya Kigeri IV Rwabugiri ari nawe wabanye na Rukara cyane, naho Yuhi V Musinga bakoranye igihe gito, kuko Rukara yapfuye mu mwaka wa 1912.

Amakimbirane ya Rukara n'abamuyoboraga

Ndagijimana Yuvenali avuga ko Padiri Paulin Lupias wahimbwaga Rugigana, yaje mu Gahunga avuye i Rwaza aza ashaka kuhashinga Kiliziya.

Ariko ngo yabanje kugera ibwami ashaka umuntu wamugeza i Rwaza, aza kujyana na Rukara yari asanze kwa Yuhi V, bagerana no mu Gahunga.

Ndagijimana avuga ko Padiri Lupias ubwo yatangiye gushyiramo abantu amagambo, atangira no guca imanza, abantu barega abandi, imanza akazica. Abantu babona aje aho mu Gahunga bagatumana ho ngo umuzungu yaje, bakajya kumuregera, bituma atangira guca imanza atari akwiye guca. Inyinshi bazimuyobora ho aho bakazijyanye ibwami.

Ubwo rero Lupias yahamagaye Rukara ngo amucire urubanza yari yarezwe mo na muramu we witwa Bitahurugamba, ko atamurongoranyije, Rukara yanga kumwitaba.

Uyu Bitahurugamba yari muramu wa Rukara, kuko yari atunze Nyirasugi ya Bishingwe akaba mushiki wa Rukara.

Uretse ibi bya Bitahurugamba, hari n'andi makimbirane Rukara yari afitanye n'umuzungu, kuko Lupias yashinze ibiti mu isambu y'Abarashi, byo kurema imbago y'abapadiri. Rukara abibonye bya biti arabushingura arabita, nabyo babibwira umuzungu.

Bigera aho Rukara yiyemeza kwitaba umuzungu, amaze gusangira n'ingabo yatwaraga inzoga y'imihigo (Nyiragatare).

Bahurira ahitwa kuri Nyabyungo, ariho ubu hubatse Kiliziya y'Abagatolika ya Paruwasi ya Gahunga, hari n'umusaraba munini uri aho barwaniye. 

Basanga umuzungu yarakariye Rukara, Rukara nawe agenda arakaye kuko yabonaga umuzungu amubuza umutekano.

Ageze aho kuri Nyabyungo  umuzungu asuhuza Rukara ati "yambu Rukara".

Rukara ntiyari azi yambu icyo ari cyo, aramusubiza ati "yambu ni wowe, yambu ni ukwamburwa abana".

Umuzungu abona  Rukara yarakaye, Rukara nawe abona ko umuzungu yarakaye ni uko baregurana, umuzungu atega Rukara ariko bagwa bombi, Rukara amufata mu ijosi aramufunga, akoresheje amaguru umuzungu abura uko ava aho hasi yari ari.

Nibwo rero Rukara yahamagaye abahungu be, arabwira ati "kandi sha ninjya i Buraya muzanterekera".

Haba haje umuhungu wa se wabo wa Rukara witwa Manuka (Kinukabugabo), akubita umuzungu icondo ry'ingabo, uwitwa Rukwira amutera Nyirabuhuri (Nyirabuhuri ni igisingizo cy'icumu rya Rukara, ariko ubundi bivugwa ko kabaga ari agacumu gato mu ntagara, gasa n'agacuzwe muri ferabeto), Ibya Padiri Paulin Lupias birangirira aho.

Ubucamanza bwa Lupias yarabuzize

Padiri Loupias yishwe kuwa 01 Mata 1910, nk'uko bigaragara mu bitabo byinshi bivuga ko uyu muzungu yari Padiri muri Paruwasi ya Rwaza.

Bivugwa ko mu mwaka wa 1907, Rukara yarezwe ubugome ibwami, bavuga ko ngo yaba yaratutse Umugabekazi Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera bituma atumwaho ngo yitabe ibwami ahageze baramuboha.

Muri icyo gihe Padiri Lupias yanyuze ibwami ajya i Rwaza, ariko abona atazinyuza mu mayira akomeye ava i Nyanza yerekeza mu Mulera, ashaka uwamuherekeza.

Abonye Rukara, yinginga umwami amusabira imbabazi kugira ngo amuherekeze bagerane i Rwaza.

Musinga utarashakaga kurekura Rukara, yumvise kwinginga kwa Loupias abohora Rukara amwemerera gusubira mu Mulera.

N'ubwo yakekwaga ho ubugome, Rukara ntiyanyagwa Abarashi asubira mu Gahunga aho yatwaraga, Padiri nawe asubira muri Paruwasi ye ya Rwaza.

Abandi bemeza ko Rukara akesha ubuzima abapadiri babiri Classe na Dufays kuko yari yatanzwe.

Bemeza ko impamvu y'itangwa rya Rukara ari igitutsi yari yatutse Umugabekazi Nyirayuhi V Kanjogera.

Kugira ngo Rukara arokoke urwo rupfu, abo bapadiri bumvishije Dr. Czekanowsky wari uyoboye intumwa z'umunyacyubahiro w'Umudage Adolphe Frederic w'i Mecklembourg, ko Rukara yamugirira akamaro.

(Bitandukanye n'ingendo z'abanyaburayi zo kuvumbura indi migabane, intumwa za Adolphe Frederic w'i Mcklembourg zari zigamije kwiga ibijyanye n'amoko y'abantu: ethnologie n'imico yabo: anthropologie).

Padiri Classe na Dufays bamaze kwemeza Dr. Czekanowsky ko Rukara wenyine ariwe washobora kubayobora no kubereka inzira itarimo ibyago, kandi bagombaga kunyura mu ishyamba ry'inzitane ririmo impunyu ryo mu Mulera na Kisenyi, bakebereza i Nyanza.

Mu kwezi kwa Kanama 1907, nibwo urugendo rw'izo ntumwa rwakorwaga muri Afurika yo hagati, Dr. Czekanowsky n'abo bari kumwe baturutse muri Tanzaniya berekeza muri Congo Mbiligi.

Abo bapadiri bafatanyije na Dr. Czekanowsky baje kwinginga Musinga ngo abahe Rukara abayobore inzira yabageza Kisenyi nta nkomyi.

Musinga yisubira ho abohora Rukara, mwene Bishingwe ajyana n'abo banyamahanga.

Urupfu rwa Padiri Loupias rusobanurwa ugutatu

Padiri Paulin Loupias yapfuye nyuma y'ubwumvikane buke bwakurikiye urubanza yasabwe kurangiza nk'uko tutugiye kubisanga mu bitabo bitandukanye.

Padiri Loupias wahimbwaga Rugigana yaregewe Rukara n'abagabo babiri, Ruhanga na Sebayange ko uyu murashi yabanyaze inka zabo ku maherere.

U Rwanda rwari rukolonijwe n'u Budage, kandi muri icyo gihe ntawe uhagarariye guverinoma y'u Budage wari mu Mulera.

Iyo nta muntu wabaga ahagarariye inzego bwite za Leta y'Abakoloni, aho hantu hakaza kuvuka impaka, hitabazwaga umumisiyoneri, akaba ari we ukemura izo mpaka.

Ni muri urwo rwego Rukara yarezwe mu bapadiri bari muri Misiyoni ya Rwaza, bityo Rugigana agiye mu Gahunga, ahamagaza abo bagabo uko ari batatu ngo yumve ibyabo.

Bamaze kwiregura, Rugigana asanga Rukara ari mu makosa. Ategeka ko izo nka zizanwa aho zigasubizwa Sebayange na Ruhanga, ariko Rukara arabihakana.

Ibyo gutsindwa urubanza kwa Rukara, byarakaje cyane Abarashi yatwaraga. Bikurura intonganya hagati y'abo barashi n'abari baherekeje Sebayange na Ruhanga.

Bakiri muri ayo makimbirane, Rukara yibasira Ruhanga atangira kumubwira nabi ndetse ashaka no kumukubita, nibwo Padiri Loupias agerageje kubakiranura asaba Rukara gutuza.

Mu gihe bakijya impaka, Rugiga asunika Rukara, amutura hasi. Abarashi babibonye batyo basimbukira wa muzungu, umwe mu ngabo za Rukara witwa Manuka amugira icondo ry'ingabo yari yitwaje mu maso, Rugigana yisanga ku butaka, muri ako kanya akirwana no guhaguruka, undi wo Barashi amutera icumu mu ruhanga, undi arimutera mu rubavu.

 Umukirisitu witwa Paul Bikotwa yari afite imbunda atwaje Padiri, ashaka kumutabara, ariko ntiyamenya uko ikoreshwa, ashobora gusa kurasa mu kirere, urusaku rwayo rutuma abari hafi aho batatana, bari mo n'Abarashi ba Rukara.

Rukara yaketse ko Rugigana amutanga i Nyanza

Ukundi bavuga ku rupfu rwa Padiri Loupias, kugaragazwa n'Abapadiri bo muri Paruwasi ya Rwaza, ari nabo bayiyoboraga.

Bavuga ko Rukara yishe Padiri Loupias bidaturutse ku rubanza yari aciye, ahubwo ngo yaba yaraketse ko Rugigana agenzwa mu Gahunga k'Abarishi no kumuboha akamutanga ibwami, kandi twibuke ko Musinga yari yaramutanze ngo apfe kuko yakekwaga ho ubugambanyi.

Ubutumwa bwo kurangiza urubanza

Mu gitabo Histoire du Christianisme au Rwanda, Padiri Laurent Rutinduka avuga ko Padiri Paulin Loupias wari i Rwaza yishwe azize kwemera ubutumwa bw'ubuhuza.

Ubu butumwa bw'ubuhuza bwari ubwo kunga abanyarwanda babiri bari bahanganye (ntabwo agaragaza amazina yabo).

Yemeza ko hari n'abavuga ko Padiri Loupias wahimbwaga Rugigana yaba yarihuruje nta mpamvu igaragara imujyanye muri izo mpaka, aza no kuzigwamo. 

Padiri Rutinduka avuga ko Loupias yishwe na Rukara rwa Bishingwe kuwa 01 Mata 1910.

Padiri Alegisi Kagame mu gitabo cye Un Abrege de l'histoire du Rwanda, avuga ko, abihayimana bashinze Paruwasi ya Rwaza mu mwaka wa 1903.

Mu bapadiri bari bahari mu mwaka wa 1910, hari mo na Paulin Loupias wahimbwaga Rugigana.

Muri icyo gihe abatware babiri b'umwami Yuhi V Musinga, bari mu rubanza rukarishye ibwami, bapfa imbago z'aho batwaraga.

Abo ni Rukara rwa Bishingwe watwaraga Gahunga na Sebuyange watwaraga Kabaya. 

Muri urwo rubanza, Rukara yaje gutsindwa, maze Sebuyange asaba umwami ko Padiri Loupias ari we waza kubarangiriza urubanza, kuko ari we washobora kwemeza Rukara.

Amaze kwakira ibaruwa ivuye ibwami imusaba kurangiza urwo rubanza Rugigana yemeye ubwo butumwa yari ahawe n'umwami.

Ageze aho yagombaga kurangiriza urwo rubanza agirana amakimbirane na Rukara, bananiranwa mu mvugo.

Padiri Kagame akomeza avuga muri iki gitabo ko ntawakwemeza ko ikosa ryavuye kuri Rukara, cyangwa ko impamvu y'ayo makimbirane yaraturutse ku butumwa uyu mupadiri yahawe n'umwami.

Ibyo ari byo byose, ayo makimbirane yakurikiwe n'imvururu zikomeye, kugeza ubwo Loupias aziguye mo atishwe na Rukara ubwe, ahubwo yishwe n'abagabo babiri bo mu ngabo za Rukara, bari mo Manuka.

Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Padiri Loupias, Rukara yahise mo guhungira kwa Ndugutse wari wigometse kuri Musinga, avuga ko ari umuhungu wa Mibambwe IV Rutalindwa (tuzareba ibye mu minsi iri imbere).

Ndungutse yari ahitwa Ngoma hagati y'izari Perefegitura ya Byumba na Ruhengeri (kuri Rutangira). 

Yari afatanyije na Basebya ba Nyirantwari wari umutware w'ingabo zitwa Ibijabura, zo zabaga mu Rugezi (hafi y'ikiyaga cya Burera)

Rukara  yahungiye kuri Ndungutse, kuko yabonaga nta cyo Musinga yakora ngo amurengere, dore ko n'ubundi barebanaga ay'ingwe bigatuma bahora mu makimbirane.

Nabo Abarashi baje kugabwa ho igitero gikomeye cyo guhora n'abadage, bagamije kwereka buri wese ko kwica umunyaburayi ari ukwigerezaho. 

Ibyo byatumye abenshi bahungira muri Uganda abandi bicwa n'abadage.

Rukara yahungiye ubwayi mu kigunda

Padiri Rutinduka avuga ko Rukara yaje gukatirwa urwo gupfa n'abadage.

Padiri Kagame akomeza avuga mu gitabo cyavuzwe haruguru, ko iherezo rya Rukara ritabaye ryiza.

 Avuga ko Ndungutse atashakaga ko abanyaburayi bivanga mu ntambara ye na Musinga.

Ubwo yagendereraga uduce two mu majyaruguru twamuyobotse, Ndungutse yagiye i Rwaza, agamije gusaba abapadiri ko bamuvuganira ku bayobozi bo mu nzego za Leta y'abakoloni, ngo ntibazagire aho babogamira mu ntambara yari afitanye Musinga.

Ibyo barabimwangiye, bamubwira ko yifatanyije n'umwicanyi wishe umwe muri bo.

Hagati aho, Kigali yari imaze gushingwa mu mwaka wa 1908, Lieutenant Gudovius wahimbwaga Bwana Lazima ni ho yari ari.

Amaze kumenya ibikorwa bya Ndungutse na Basebya, yiyemeza kubatera no kugarura umutekano muri ako gace k'amajyaruguru.

Asaba Musinga gutegura igitero cyo kunganira abasirikare bari kumwe nawe, hoherezwa umutwe witwaga Iziruguru uyobowe na Rwubusisi rwa Kigenza.

Ntibagenda ngo bahite batera ahubwo bashinga urugerero i Burenga bwa Sayo bahamara igihe kirekire, ku buryo na Ndungutse bari bateye yarumenyereye.

Abacuruzi bakomoka muri Aziya baraje barushinga mo amaduka bacuruza imyenda, ndetse n'abo mu ngabo za Ndungutse n'abo mu muryango we, bakajya baza muri urwo rugerero bakuruwe n'ubwo bucuruzi.

 Bwana Lazima yabujije Rwubusisi gutera keretse abimubwiye. 

Urwo rugerero rwahabaye kuva mu mwaka wa 1911 kugera mu ntango za Mata 1912.

Icyatumye urwo rugerero rutinda i Burenga, ni uko Bwana Lazima yari mu mishyikirano na Ndungutse ngo amuhe Rukara.

Kugira ngo yizerwe n'abazungu, Ndungutse yiyemeje gutanga Rukara, atamutangiye icyizere yashakaga mu bazungu gusa,  ahubwo ngo hari n'ikindi bapfaga.

Icyo ni ijambo  Rukara yabwiye Ndungutse bicaranye basangira riramubabaza bikomeye.

Nk'uko Padiri Kagame akombeza abivuga Ndungutse yigambye ko ari umuhungu wa Rutarindwa.

Rukara rero utarajyaga aripfana, aramubwira ati "nabaye ibwami kwa Rwabugili, ibikomangoma byose ndabizi hari mo n'abahungu ba Rutalindwa, ariko wowe sinigeze nkurabukwa yo"

Yongera ho ko bakomeza bakirira igihugu nta mururumba kuko ari ho bahuriye ariko bakareka ibyo guhimba ibindi.

Padiri Kagame akomeza avuga ko ari bimwe by'abanyarwanda bavuga ko ukuri kuryana, ubundi ngo abazi Ndungutse bemeza ko yarutaga ubukuru uwo yita se.

Ikindi tuzagaruka ho mu nyandiko zacu ziri imbere, ni ibya Ruhinankiko na Kabare. Ruhinankiko amaze kurushwa ubutoni ku mugabekazi na Kabare, nawe yifatanyije na Ndungutse.

Rukara amaze gufatwa, Ruhinankiko ni we wahawe ubutumwa bwo kumushyikiriza Bwana Lazima. 

Rukara ajyanwa i Kigali n'ingabo zari ziherekeje Ruhinankiko.

Bwana Lazima yaje kuva i Kigali abanza kujya mu ntambara kwa Ndungutse, nyuma ajya mu Ruhengeri ahabereye urubanza rwa Rukara.

Ubwo Rukara yavanywe i Kigali aho yajyanywe na Ruhinankiko arinzwe bikomeye n'abasiriare bari bayobowe n'uwahawe izina rya Mirambo.

Rukara akatirwa igihano cyo kubambwa. 

Mu gihe yari ajyanywe aho agiye kubambirwa, n'ubwo yari aboshye amaboko, yaje gusingira icyuma cy'umusirikare wari imbere ye, akimutera mu gihumbi amuhirika aho.

Agerageje guhunga, abandi basirikare bamurasa amasasu menshi, Rukara abambwa asamba.

Ibi Padiri Kagame avuga ko yabitekererejwe na Murindwa se wa Bigemana wabaye umutasi kwa Ndungutse.